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this document contains information on a new product under development. motorola reserves the right to change or discontinue this product without notice. ? motorola, inc., 2002 features ? 315mhz, 434mhz bands ? ook and fsk demodulation ? low current consumption: 5ma typ. in run mode ? internal or external strobing ? fast wake-up time (1ms) ? -105dbm rf sensitivity (at 4.8kbd data rate) ? fully integrated vco ? image cancelling mixer ? integrated if bandpass filter at 660khz ? if bandwidth: 500khz ? id byte and tone detection ? data rate: 1 to 11kbd ? manchester coded data clock recovery ? fully configurable by spi interface ? few external components, no rf adjustment figure 1: simplified block diagram table 1: ordering information device rf frequency/ if filter bandwidth ambiant temperature range package MC33591fta 434mhz / 500khz -40 c to +85c lqfp24 pin connections 1 vcc 2 vcc 3 vcclna 4 rfin 5 gndlna 6 gndsub 7 pfd 8 gndvco 9 gnd 10 xtal1 11 xtal2 12 cagc 13 dmdat 14 resetb 15 miso 16 mosi 17 sclk 18 vccdig 19 gnddig 20 rcbgap 21 strobe 22 cafc 23 mixout 24 cmixagc technical data romeo2 MC33591/d rev. 7.1, 7/2002 pll tuned uhf receiver for data t ra n s f e r a p pl i c a t io n s f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
pin function description 2 MC33591 technical data motorola pin function description pin name description 1 vcc 5v power supply 2 vcc 5v power supply 3 vcclna 5v lna power supply 4rfinrf input 5 gndlna lna ground 6 gndsub ground 7 pfd access to vco control voltage 8 gndvco vco ground 9 gnd ground 10 xtal1 reference oscillator crystal 11 xtal2 reference oscillator crystal 12 cagc if agc capacitor for ook reference for fsk 13 dmdat demodulated data (ook & fsk modulation) 14 resetb state machine reset 15 miso spi interface i/o 16 mosi spi interface i/o 17 sclk spi interface clock 18 vccdig 5v digital power supply 19 gnddig digital ground 20 rcbgap reference voltage output 21 strobe strobe oscillator control stop/run external control input 22 cafc afc capacitor 23 mixout mixer output 24 cmixagc mixer agc capacitor f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
absolute maximum ratings motorola MC33591 technical data 3 absolute maximum ratings notes: 1 human body model, aec-q100-002 rev. c. 2 machine model, aec-q100-003 rev. e. parameter symbol value unit supply voltage v cc v cclna v gnd - 0.3 to 5.5 v voltage allowed on each pin v gnd - 0.3 to v cc + 0.3 v esd hbm voltage capability on each pin (note 1) 2000 v esd mm voltage capability on each pin (note 2) 200 v solder heat resistance test (10 s) 260 c storage temperature ts -65 to +150 c junction temperature tj 150 c f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
receiver functional description 4 MC33591 technical data motorola receiver functional description the basic functionality of the romeo2 receiver may be seen by reference to the accompanying block diagram (see figure 1). it is fully compatible with the tango3 transmitter. the rf section comprises a mixer with image cancelling, followed by an if band-pass filter at 660khz, an agc controlled gain stage and ook/fsk demodulators, the desired modulation type being selectable by the spi interface. the data output from the circuit may either be the data comparator output, or, if data manager is enabled, the spi port. the local oscillator is controlled with a pll referenced to the crystal oscillator. the received channel is defined by the choice of the crystal frequency. an spi bus permits programming the modulation type, data rate, uhf frequency, id word etc., though to accomodate applications where no bus interface is available the circuit defaults at power-on to a standard operating mode. depending upon the configuration, the circuit can be either externally strobed by the strobe input or internally wait-and-sleep cycled to reduce the power consumption. at any time, a high level on strobe overrides the internal timer output and wakes up romeo2. when the circuit is switched into sleep mode its current consumption is approximately 100a. the circuit configuration which has previously been programmed is retained. the local oscillator pll the pll is tuned by comparing the loca l oscillator frequency, after suitable division, with that of the crystal oscillator referenc e. the loop filter has been integrated in the ic. practical limits upon the values of components which may be integrated mean that the local oscillator performance may be slightly improved by using an external pfd filter, shown in figure 2. in this way the user may choose to have optimum performance with the addition of external filter components. the pll gain may be programmed by bit pg: it is recommended that this bit be set to 1, corresponding to low loop gain. figure 2 : external loop filter c1=4.7nf, c2=390pf, r=1k f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
communication protocol motorola MC33591 technical data 5 communication protocol manchester coding description manchester coding is defined as follows: data is sent during the first half-bit, complementary data is sent during the second half-bit. figure 3: manchester coding example the signal average value is constant. this allows clock recovery from the data stream itself. in order to achieve a correct clock recovery, manchest er coded data must hav e a duty cycle between: - 48% and 52% in ook, - 45% and 55% in fsk. preamble, id, header words and message description the following description applies if the data manager is enabled (dme=1). the id word is a manchester coded byte whose content has been previously loaded in the configuration register 2. the complement of the id word is recognized as an id word. id word is sent at the same data rate as data. a preamble is required: - before id, - before header if he=1, - before data if he=0. it enables: - in case of ook modulation, agc to settle, - in case of fsk modulation, data slicer reference voltage to settle, - in any case, clock recovery. figure 4 defines the preamble word in ook and fsk modulation. preamble content must be carefully defined in order not to be decoded as an id or header word. figure 4: preamble definition 0 0 0 111 0 original data manchester coded ook modulation: ?0? manchester at data rate ?1? nrz > 200s i.e.: 2 ?1? nrz at 9.6kbd, 1 ?1? nrz at 4.8kbd agc settling time clock recovery id fsk modulation: data slicer reference settling time id 3 ?1? or ?0? manchester at data rate ?1? or ?0? manchester at data rate clock recovery f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
communication protocol 6 MC33591 technical data motorola the header word is a 4 bit manchester coded message ?0110? or its complement sent at the selected data rate. this bit sequence and its complement must not be found in the sequence preamble and id word. data must follow the header without any delay. data are completed by a end-of-message (eom) word, consisting of 2 nrz consecutive ones or zeroes. even in case of fsk modulation, the data must be completed by a eom and not by simply stopping the rf telegram. if the complement of the header word is received, output data are complemented too. the following example shows a complete message with preamble, id, header words followed by 2 data bits, and an eom. the preamble is placed at the beginning of both id and header words. figure 5: complete message example message protocol if the receiver is continuously sl eep/run cycling, the id word has to be recognized to stay in run mode. consequently, the transmitted id burst has to be long enough to include two consecutive receiver run cycles. if the strobe oscillator is enabled (soe=1), the circuit is in sleep mode during sr t strobe and in run mode during t strobe (where t strobe is the strobe oscillator period and sr is the strobe ratio, see table 5). therefore, the sleep/run cycle period is equal to (sr+1) t strobe . if soe=0, these timings constraints must be respected by the external control applied on pin strobe. figure 6: complete telegram with id detection figure 7: complete telegram with tone detection figures 8 & 9 detail rf signals and the processing done by the receiver in several configuations. preamble 11001000 id preamble 01 0 header 1 1 0 data eom p+id rf signal p+header data eom run sleep id detected run t strobe sr t strobe p+id p+id p+id p+id p+id sleep p+id = preamble id p+header = preamble header rf signal header data eom tone run sleep id detected run t strobe sr t strobe sleep f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
communication protocol motorola MC33591 technical data 7 figure 8: telegrams with id figure 9: telegrams with tone receiver start-up delay a settling time (1ms typ.) is required when entering into wait mode. figure 10. figure 10: wait usable window preamble id preamble id preamble id header preamble data eom data dme=1, he=1 rf signal spi output dme=1, he=0 id preamble id data eom data rf signal spi output id id id id id id id id id id id id id id id id id id id id id detected id detected to n e header data eom data dme=1, he=1 rf signal spi output dme=1, he=0 data eom data rf signal spi output to n e to n e tone detected tone detected run sleep id id id id id id id id settling time id detected sleep run f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
data manager 8 MC33591 technical data motorola data manager this block has five purposes: - id detection, - header recognition, - clock recovery, - output data and recovered clock on spi port, - end-of-message detection. table 2 details some romeo2 features versus the bits dme and soe values. table 2: romeo2 features versus dme and soe table 3 details some romeo2 features versus dme values. table 3: romeo2 features versus dme dme soe timer romeo2 kept in run mode by microcontroller woken-up by 0 0 external control by strobe pin strobe pin raw data 1 internal and external control by strobe pin 1 0 external control by strobe pin strobe pin message detection word 1 internal and external control by strobe pin id detection and strobe pin data clock dme spi status data format output 0 disabled bitstream no clock mosi - 1 master when resetb=1 data bytes recovered clock mosi sclk f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
clock generator motorola MC33591 technical data 9 clock generator typical crystal frequencies are: - 9.864375mhz for 315mhz band, - 13.580625mhz for 434mhz band. figure 11: clock generation diagram serial interface romeo2 and the microcontroller communicate through a serial peripheral interface (spi). it enables: - the microcontroller to set and check romeo2 configuration, - romeo2 to send the received data. if the spi is not used, a power on reset (por) sets romeo2 to operate correctly in a default configuration. the interface is operated by the 3 following input/output pins: - serial clock sclk, - master output slave input mosi, - master input slave output miso. the master clock is used to synchronise data movement both in and out of the device through its mosi and miso lines. the master and slave devices are capable of exchanging a byte of information during a sequence of eight clock cycles. since sclk is gener ated by the master device, this line is an input on a slave device. the miso line is configured as an input in a master device and as an output in a slave device. the mosi line is configured as an output in a master device and as an input in a slave device. the miso and mosi lines transfer serial data in one direction with the most significant bit sent first. data are captured on falling edges of sclk. data are shifted out on rising edge of sclk. when no data are output, sclk and mosi force a low level. using motorola acronyms, this means that the clock phase and polarity control bits of the microcontroller spi have to be cpol= 0 and cpha=1. in configuration mode, as long as a low level is applied on resetb (see state machine on figure 14 page 13), the microcontroller is the master node providing clock information on sclk input, control and configuration bits on the mosi line. if the default configuration is not the desired one, the microcontroller (mcu) can change it by writing into the configuration registers. the configuration registers can also be read back to check their contents. configuration registers cannot be addressed separately, the whole configuration has to be sent as a 3x8 bitstream. the contents are written out as a 24-bit serial data stream. transmissions which are not multiple of 24 8 phase frequency detector xtal reference 32 11 if filter reference clock & clock recovery 434mhz band 315mhz band uhf oscillator f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
configuration registers 10 MC33591 technical data motorola bits may lead to unexpected configurations. the first bit transmitted on mosi does not change the content of the configuration registers. note that a low level applied on resetb does not affect the configuration register content. when resetb is set to a high level, if data manager is enabled (dme=1), romeo2 becomes master and sends received data on the mosi line and the recovered clock on sclk. it is then recommended that the mcu spi is set as slave. if the data received does not fit in an entire number of bytes, the data manager will fill the last byte. if the data received constitute an whole number of bytes, the data manager may generate and send an extra byte whose content is irrelevant. if dme=0, the spi is disabled. raw data is sent on the mosi line. when romeo2 spi is changed from master (run mode) to slave (configuration mode) or from slave to master, it is recommended that the mcu spi is set as slave before the mode transition. at power-on, the por resets the internal registers. th is defines the receiver default configuration (see gray rows on tables 4, 7 & 8). in this configuration, the spi is disabled and romeo2 sends raw data on the mosi line. this default configuration enables the circuit to operate as a standalone receiver without any external control. after por, resetb forces a low level. therefore an external pull-up resistor should be used in order to avoid entering configuration mode. figure 12: writing into configuration registers figure 13: reading configuration registers configuration registers table 4 describes the configuration register 1 (cr1). table 4: configuration register 1 bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 bit name r/w cf mod soe sr1 sr0 dme he reset value 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 mosi line cr1 cr2 cr3 0 sclk line mcu (master) romeo2 mosi line don?t care don?t care don?t care 1 sclk line mcu (master) romeo2 mcu (master) romeo2 miso line cr2 cr3 cr1 1 f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
configuration registers motorola MC33591 technical data 11 - r/w controls the 3 registers access (read or write): 0 = write cr1, cr2 ,cr3, 1 = read cr1, cr2, cr3. - cf defines the carrier frequency as shown ontable 5. table 5: carrier frequency selection - mod sets the data modulation type: 0 = on/off keying (ook) modulation, 1 = frequency shift keying (fsk) modulation. - soe enables the strobe oscillator: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled, whatever soe value has been programmed, a high level on strobe sets the circuit into run mode. - sr0/sr1 define the strobe ratio (sr) as shown on table 6. sr is the ratio sleep time over run time and run time=t strobe (where t strobe is the strobe oscillator period). table 6: strobe ratio selection - dme enables the data manager: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled. data are output on mosi and the associated clock on sclk. - he defines if a header word is present (the bit he is only active if dme=1): 0 = no header, 1 = header. configuration register 2 (cr2) defines the identifier (id) word content. the bits will be manchester coded. table 7: configuration register 2 table 8 describes the configuration register 3 (cr3). table 8: configuration register 3 - dr0/dr1 define the data rate (before manchester coding) as shown ontable 9. cf selected frequency 0 315mhz 1 434mhz sr1 sr0 strobe ratio 00 3 0 1 7 10 15 11 31 bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 bit name id7 id6 id5 id4 id3 id2 id1 id0 reset value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 bit name dr1 dr0 mg ms pg - - - reset value 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
state machines 12 MC33591 technical data motorola table 9: data rate selection - mg sets the mixer gain: 0 = normal, 1 = -17db (typical). - ms switches the mixout pin: 0 = to the mixer output, 1 = to the if input. table 10: mixer and mixoutconfiguration the combination mg=1, ms=1 is forbidden in any application. it configures the receiver in a test mode where the mixer runs at f vco /4. - pg sets the phase comparator gain (s ee ?the local oscilla tor pll? chapter, page 4): 0 = high gain mode, 1 = low gain mode. state machines after por reset state machine there are 3 different modes for the receiver. sleep mode corresponds to the low power consumption mode: - if soe=0, the whole receiver is shutdown, - if soe=1, the strobe oscillator remains active. configuration mode is used for writing or reading the internal registers. in this mode, the spi is slave and the receiver is enabled. the crystal oscillator is running and generates the clock for the spi. this implies that before the circuit is in sleep mode, a delay corresponding to the crystal oscillator wake-up time must be inserted between the fa lling edge on r esetb and the start of the transmission on the spi lines. the local oscillator is running as well. this means that demodulated data can be read on dmdat but are not sent by the spi. in run mode , the receiver is enabled (crystal and local oscillators are running). it is either waiting for an rf telegram or receiving one. figure 14 details the state machine after power on reset (por). the state machine is synchronized by a sampling clock at 615khz (sampling period ts=1.6s), deriv ated from the crystal oscillator. the transition time between state 1 and states 2 or 6 is less than 3 ts . dr1 dr0 selected ratio 0 0 1.0 - 1.4 kbd 0 1 2 - 2.7 kbd 1 0 4 - 5.3 kbd 1 1 8.6 - 10.6 kbd mg ms mixer gain mixout 0 0 normal mixer output 0 1 normal if input 1 0 reduced mixer output 1 1 forbidden, mixer test mode only f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
state machines motorola MC33591 technical data 13 after por, the circuit is in state 0 and configuration registers? content is set to the reset value. this enables to use romeo2 in a standalone configuration without any external control. as long as a low level is applied on resetb, the circuit stays in state 1 . this configuration mode enables to write or read the internal registers through the spi interface. figure 14: after por state machine state 1 configuration mode spi active and slave resetb=1 and dme=0 state 2 , see figure state 6 , see figure state 0 sleep mode spi disabled resetb=0 resetb=1 and dme=1 and soe=0 resetb=1 and dme=1 and soe=1 state 0b run mode raw data on mosi spi disabled power-on reset strobe counter sr and strobe=0 strobe counter=sr or strobe=1 spi slave spi master spi disabled f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
state machines 14 MC33591 technical data motorola state machine with strobe oscillator control figure 15 details the state machine when the strobe oscillator is enabled (soe=1). figure 15: state machine with strobe oscillator control state 2: the circuit is in sleep mode, except for the strobe oscillator and the strobe counter. state 3: the circuit is waiting for a valid id word. if id or its complement is detected, the state machine advances to state 4. if not, it will go back into sleep mode (state 2) at the end of the strobe period. state 4: id or its complement has been detected, data manager is waiting for header or its complement. time-out counter is running. this c ounter will count up to 66 ( 1) times the strobe oscillator period (t strobe ). state 5: if header has been received, data and clock signals are output on the spi port until end of message indicates the data sequence end. if the complement of header has been received, output data are complemented too. for all states: at any time, a low level applied on r esetb during more t han one ts forces the state machine to state 1. when id detected and he=1 state 5 run mode output data & clock waiting for end of message header received eom received time-out state 4 run mode reset and start timer waiting for header state 3 run mode waiting for id word state 2 sleep mode reset and start strobe counter spi master id detected and he=0 strobe counter=sr or strobe=1 strobe counter sr and strobe pin released f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
state machines motorola MC33591 technical data 15 the transition condition from one state to the next one is fulfilled, the transition time is one ts (except for reaching state 2). the transition time to state 2 is 2 ts (+ duration of the dummy byte if it is shifted out, only for transition coming from state 5). state machine with strobe pin control figure 16 details the state machine when the strobe oscillator is disabled (soe=0). figure 16: state machine with strobe pin control state 6: state 7 run mode waiting for id word state 8 run mode send an id word id detected state 10 run mode output data & clock state 6 sleep mode strobe=0 strobe=0 strobe=0 strobe=1 spi master state 9 run mode waiting for header he=1 he=0 header received strobe=0 state 11 run mode output data eom received strobe=0 f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
strobe oscillator 16 MC33591 technical data motorola programming soe=0 sets romeo2 to state 6. the circuit is in sleep mode. state 7: a high level applied on strobe sets the circuit into state 7. if an id or its complement is detected, the state machine advances to state 8. if not, it will stay in state 7 as long as strobe is high. state 8: after id or its complement detection, id byte is sent to the microcontroller on mosi line at 310kbd. this warns the microcontroller that data are received which means that an high level has to be maintained on strobe. at any time a low level applied on strobe sets the circuit into state 6. state 9: if header or its complement is detected, the state machine advances to state 10. if not, it will stay in state 9 as long as strobe is high. state 10: if header has been received, data and clock signals are output on the spi port. if the complement of header has been received, output data are complemented too. at any time a low level applied on strobe sets the circuit into state 6, after the current byte is fully transmitted. state 11: if data are received after a end of message they are output on the mosi pin without clock recovery. for all states: at any time, a low level applied on r esetb for more t han one ts forces the state machine to state 1. when the transition condition from one state to the next one is fulfilled, the transition time is one ts except reaching state 6. the transition time for reaching state 6 is 2 ts (+ time needed to shift out a full byte if strobe pin is forced to low when in state 10). strobe oscillator the strobe oscillator is a relaxation oscillator in whic h an external capacitor c5 is charged by an external resistance r2 (refer to figure 17 and table 11). when a threshold is reached or exceeded c5 is discharged and the cycle restarts. the period is: t strobe =0.12 r2 c5. the circuit may be forced into states 0b, 3, 7 etc. (see state machine diagrams) by setting the strobe pin to v cc . as v cc is above the oscillator threshold voltage referred to in the previous paragraph, the condition in which the strobe pin is set to v cc is internally detected and the oscillator pull-down circuitry disabled to limit the current which must be supplied. f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
electrical characteristics motorola MC33591 technical data 17 . electrical characteristics unless otherwise specified, v cc =[4.5v;5.5v], operating temperature range t a =[-40 c;+85c]. values refer to the circuit in recommended in the application schematic (see figure 17), unless otherwise specified. typical values reflect average measurement at v cc =5v, t a =25 c, using MC33591. parameter test conditions, comments limits unit min. typ. max. 1 general parameters 1.1 mean supply current 315 & 434mhz bands, strobe ratio=7, pg=0, see note 1 - 815 1100 a 1.3 supply current in run & configuration modes 315 & 434mhz bands, pg=0 - 5.7 7.4 ma 1.5 supply current in sleep mode strobe oscillator enabled - 115 250 a 1.6 strobe oscillator disabled - 90 200 a 1.7 supply current in run & configuration modes 315 & 434mhz bands, pg=1 - 5.4 7.0 ma 1.9 sleep mode to run mode delay circuit ready to receive, ook modulation -1.01.8ms 1.10 ? ? circuit ready to receive, fsk modulation, f data is the data rate in kbd - 0.7 + 3 / f data 1.4 + 3 / f data ms 1.11 run mode to sleep mode delay measured between falling edge on strobe and supply current reduced to 10% -0.1-ms note 1: if i run and i sleep are the supply currents in run and sleep modes and sr is the strobe oscillator ratio, the mean supply current i mean is given by: i mean =(i run + sr i sleep ) / (sr + 1). f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
electrical characteristics 18 MC33591 technical data motorola 2 rf parameters general and front end parameters assume a 50 resistor in parallel with the d.u.t. except where the use of a matching network is specified. 2.1.1 sensitivity in ook at nominal transmitter center frequency dme=0, with matching network, see notes 2, 3, 5, 6 - -105 -96 dbm 2.1.2 " " dme=1, with matching network, see notes 2, 4, 5, 6 - -103 -94 dbm 2.1.3 " " dme=0, see notes 2, 3, 6 - -96 -87 dbm 2.1.4 " " dme=1, see notes 2, 4, 6 - -94 -85 dbm 2.2.1 sensitivity in ook at nominal transmitter center frequency operating temperature range -20c to +85c dme=0, with matching network, see notes 2, 3, 5, 6 - -105 -98 dbm 2.2.2 " " dme=1, with matching network, see notes 2, 4, 5, 6 - -103 -96 dbm 2.2.3 " " dme=0, see notes 2, 3, 6 - -96 -89 dbm 2.2.4 " " dme=1, see notes 2, 4, 6 - -94 -87 dbm 2.3.1 sensitivity in fsk at nominal transmitter center frequency dme=0, with matching network, see notes 3, 5, 6 - -105 -99 dbm 2.3.2 dme=1, with matching network, see notes 4, 5, 6 - -103 -97 dbm 2.3.3 dme=0, see notes 3, 6 - -96 -90 dbm 2.3.4 dme=1, see notes 4, 6 - -94 -88 dbm 2.6.1 sensitivity in fsk transmitter frequency shift at +/-40khz 500khz if bandwidth dme=1, see notes 4, 6 ---86dbm 2.6.2 " " transmitter frequency shift at +/-80khz 500khz if bandwidth dme=1, see notes 4, 6 ---84dbm 2.8.2 variation of dmdat level, fsk modulation 500khz if bandwidth, see note 7 -6 - 6 db 2.9 image frequency rejection 315mhz band 17 25 - db 2.10 434mhz band 20 29 - db electrical characteristics unless otherwise specified, v cc =[4.5v;5.5v], operating temperature range t a =[-40 c;+85c]. values refer to the circuit in recommended in the application schematic (see figure 17), unless otherwise specified. typical values reflect average measurement at v cc =5v, t a =25 c, using MC33591. parameter test conditions, comments limits unit min. typ. max. f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
electrical characteristics motorola MC33591 technical data 19 2.12 ip3 315 mhz band, measured at mixout, min. value for 2 pairs of frequencies (mhz): (340.00, 365.00), (500.00, 685.00) --17-dbm 2.13 434mhz band, measured at mixout, min. value for 2 pairs of frequencies (mhz): (455.00, 476.08), (550.00, 666.08) --19-dbm 2.15 max. detectable input signal level of a nrz 1 ook modulation, tx modulation depth: 97.5% --14-dbm 2.27 out-of-band jammer desensitization for ook & fsk modulation 434mhz band, pg=1, sensitivity reduced by 6db cw jammer at rf 500khz, see note 4 -16-dbc 2.28 cw jammer at rf 1mhz, see note 4 -24-dbc 2.29 cw jammer at rf 2mhz, see note 4 -33-dbc 2.39 in-band jammer desensitization 434mhz band sensitivity reduced by 6db ook modulation, cw jammer at rf 50khz, see note 4 --10-dbc 2.40 ? ? fsk modulation, 35khz deviation, cw jammer at rf 50khz, see note 4 --7-dbc 2.43 input impedance: // resistance 315mhz, level on rfin -50dbm - 1.1 - k 2.44 434mhz, level on rfin -50dbm - 1.1 - k 2.46 input impedance: // capacitance 315mhz band - 1.4 - pf 2.47 434mhz band - 1.4 - pf 2.51 mixer conversion gain 315 & 434mhz bands, from rfin to mixout -48-db 2.53 mixer gain reduction 315 & 434mhz bands, when setting mg=1 -18-db 2.55 mixer input gain reduced by 1db 315 & 434mhz bands - -49 - dbm 2.57 mixer agc settling time rf rise time < 400ns, 10 to 90% rise time -4-s 2.58 mixer agc gain decay rate - 5 - db/ ms electrical characteristics unless otherwise specified, v cc =[4.5v;5.5v], operating temperature range t a =[-40 c;+85c]. values refer to the circuit in recommended in the application schematic (see figure 17), unless otherwise specified. typical values reflect average measurement at v cc =5v, t a =25 c, using MC33591. parameter test conditions, comments limits unit min. typ. max. f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
electrical characteristics 20 MC33591 technical data motorola 2.59 local osc illator leakage 315 & 434mhz bands, at matching network input, see note 5 - -102 -70 dbm note 2: ook sensitivity vs temperature characteristic (shown for parameters 2.1.4 & 2.2.4) parameters 2.1.1 to 2.1.3 and 2.2.1 to 2.2.3 characteristics vs temperature are similar. electrical characteristics unless otherwise specified, v cc =[4.5v;5.5v], operating temperature range t a =[-40 c;+85c]. values refer to the circuit in recommended in the application schematic (see figure 17), unless otherwise specified. typical values reflect average measurement at v cc =5v, t a =25 c, using MC33591. parameter test conditions, comments limits unit min. typ. max. -95 -94 -93 -92 -91 -90 -89 -88 -87 -86 -85 -84 -83 -82 -81 -80 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 temperature (c) typ. max f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
electrical characteristics motorola MC33591 technical data 21 note 3: sensitivity measurement method with data manager disabled (dme=0) a continuous manchester coded 0 sequence (4.8kbd, ook modulation depth: 100%, fsk modulation deviation: 35khz, 50% duty cycle) is applied at rfin. the mean value of the frequency of the output signal on mosi is measured over 200 cycles. the sensitivity is defined as the lowest input level during an nrz one corresponding to a mean output frequency deviation lower than 5% of the expected data rate. note 4: sensitivity measurement method with data manager enabled (dme=1, he=0) a complete telegram (4.8kbd, ook modulation depth: 100%, fsk modulation deviation: 35khz, 50% duty cycle) including preamble, id word and data (80 random bits without head er) is applied at rfin. the sensitivity is defined as the lowest input level during an nrz one necessary to achieve 0 bit error rate (ber). note 5: 50 matching networks 434mhz band: c1=1.5pf, c2=100pf, l1=68nh. tolerances: +/-10% for capacitances; +/-2% for inductor note 6: sensitivity measurement conditions * ook & fsk modulation (+/-35khz ) at 4.8kbd (50% duty cycle) * 315mhz & 434mhz bands (500khz if bandwidth) * performances include receiver crystal tolerance of +/-80ppm over temperature range i.e. +/-35khz @ 434mhz note 7: fsk variation measurement conditions a frequency modulated signal, carrier = 660khz with 35khz deviation is injected at mixout measure the dmdat voltage swing at 660khz, this will be dmdat(ref) in actual temperature/vcc conditions measure the dmdat voltage swing from freq[1] = 660khz - 120khz to freq[2] = 660khz + 120khz dmdat(ref) / dmdat(freq[x]) is measured over the whole range freq[1] to freq[2] electrical characteristics unless otherwise specified, v cc =[4.5v;5.5v], operating temperature range t a =[-40 c;+85c]. values refer to the circuit in recommended in the application schematic (see figure 17), unless otherwise specified. typical values reflect average measurement at v cc =5v, t a =25 c, using MC33591. parameter test conditions, comments limits unit min. typ. max. f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
electrical characteristics 22 MC33591 technical data motorola 3 if filter, if amplifier, fm to am converter and envelope detector the if filter operates at approximately 660khz, with a 500khz bandwidth. 3.2 if high cut off frequency at -3db if bandwidth: 500khz 850 940 - khz 3.4 if low cut off frequency at -3db if bandwidth: 500khz - 460 520 khz 3.7 if cut off low freq. at -30db if bandwidth: 500khz - 290 - khz 3.8 if cut off high freq. at -30db - 1260 - khz 3.10 if bandwidth: 500khz - 480 580 khz 3.12 total filter gain variation within -3db bandwidth if bandwidth: 500khz -3 - 3 db 3.13 if amplifier gain from mixout to dmdat - 55 - db 3.14 if agc dynamic range ook modulation -55-db 3.15 if agc gain decay rate - 2.5 - db/ ms 3.16 if amplifier agc settling time - 75 200 s 3.17 detector output signal amplitude ook modulation, measured at dmdat - 260 - mv pk -pk 3.19 carrier deviation fsk modulation, if bandwidth 500khz 35 - 80 khz electrical characteristics unless otherwise specified, v cc =[4.5v;5.5v], operating temperature range t a =[-40 c;+85c]. values refer to the circuit in recommended in the application schematic (see figure 17), unless otherwise specified. typical values reflect average measurement at v cc =5v, t a =25 c, using MC33591. parameter test conditions, comments limits unit min. typ. max. f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
electrical characteristics motorola MC33591 technical data 23 4 pll divider & crystal oscillator 4.1 maximum crystal series resistance - - 200 5 data filter & slicer, data manager, spi 5.1 data frequency ook and fsk modulations, dme=0 1 - 11 khz 5.2 low pass filter delay 2nd order butterworth response dr1=0, dr0=0, 1200 bauds 51 73 102 s 5.3 dr1=0, dr0=1, 2400 bauds 30 42 57 s 5.4 dr1=1, dr0=0, 4800 bauds 19 25 34 s 5.5 dr1=1, dr0=1, 9600 bauds 12 16 22 s 5.6 data rate range for clock recovery dr1=0, dr0=0 1.0 - 1.4 kbd 5.7 dr1=0, dr0=1 2 - 2.7 kbd 5.8 dr1=1, dr0=0 4 - 5.3 kbd 5.9 dr1=1, dr0=1 8.6 - 10.6 kbd 5.10 input low voltage pins mosi, sclk, resetb 0 - 0.3 v cc v 5.11 input high voltage 0.7 v cc - v cc v 5.13 input pull down current pins mosi, sclk, resetb, v in =v cc -2-a 5.14 output low voltage pins mosi, miso, sclk, |i load | =10a 00.02 0.2 v cc v 5.15 output high voltage 0.8 v cc 4.97 v cc v 5.16 fall/rise time pins mosi, miso, sclk, c load = 5pf, from 10% to 90% of the output swing - - 100 ns 5.17 input low voltage pin strobe used as digital input 0-0.5v 5.18 input high voltage 4.4 - v cc v 5.19 input pull down current pin strobe used as digital input, v in =v cc --50a 5.20 spi data rate on mosi, miso & sclk, spi master or slave, see note 8 - - 310 kbd electrical characteristics unless otherwise specified, v cc =[4.5v;5.5v], operating temperature range t a =[-40 c;+85c]. values refer to the circuit in recommended in the application schematic (see figure 17), unless otherwise specified. typical values reflect average measurement at v cc =5v, t a =25 c, using MC33591. parameter test conditions, comments limits unit min. typ. max. f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
electrical characteristics 24 MC33591 technical data motorola 5.21 spi interface source current v oh =0.8 v cc mosi, miso, sclk pins 60 170 - a 5.22 spi interface sink current v ol =0.2 v cc 60 220 - a note 8: as well as the state machine, the spi interface is synchronized by a sampling clock at 615khz derivated from the crystal oscillator. the maximum speed is then half this synchronization clock. 6 strobe oscillator (soe=1) 6.1 strobe oscillator period (t strobe ) range t strobe =0.12 r2 c5, see figure 17 23.887ms 6.9 external capacitor (c5) - 68 330 nf 6.10 external resistor (r2) - 470 2200 k 6.2 strobe oscillator period accuracy t j =25 c, v cc =5v, external components r2 & c5 fixed -5 - 5 % 6.3 strobe oscillator period temperature coefficient -0.05-%/ c 6.4 strobe oscillator period supply voltage coefficient ( t strobe /t strobe )/( v cc /v cc ) -0.2- - 6.5 sink output resistance pin strobe -6-k 6.7 high threshold voltage - 1.0 - v 6.8 low threshold voltage - 0.45 - v electrical characteristics unless otherwise specified, v cc =[4.5v;5.5v], operating temperature range t a =[-40 c;+85c]. values refer to the circuit in recommended in the application schematic (see figure 17), unless otherwise specified. typical values reflect average measurement at v cc =5v, t a =25 c, using MC33591. parameter test conditions, comments limits unit min. typ. max. f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
application schematic motorola MC33591 technical data 25 application schematic figure 17: application schematic component description: see tables 11, 12, 13. MC33591 f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
application schematic 26 MC33591 technical data motorola table 11: component description r2 and c5 values correspond to a strobe oscillator period t strobe =3.8ms. exemples of crystal references are given below table 12: typical crystal characteristics (smd package) cagc capacitor is data rate related in fsk modulation. table 13: c2 value versus data rate in fsk modulation component function value unit q reference oscillator crystal 315mhz band: 9.864375 mhz 434mhz band: 13.580625 mhz r1 current reference resistor 180 1% k r2 strobe oscillato r resistor 470 k c1 crystal load capacitor 10 pf c2 - ook modulation - if amplifier agc capacitor 100 10% nf - fsk modulation - low pass filter capacitor see table 13 c3 afc capacitor 100 10% pf c4 mixer agc capacitor 10 10% nf c5 strobe oscillator capacitor 68 nf c6 power supply decoupling capacitor 100 nf c7 100 pf c8 1 nf c9 crystal dc decoupling capacitor 10 nf parameter ndk ln-g102-952 (for 315mhz) ndk ln-g102-877 (for 434mhz) unit crystal frequency 9.864375 13.580625 mhz load capacitance 12 12 pf motional capacitance 3.71 4.81 ff static capacitance 1.22 1.36 pf max loss resistance 100 50 data rate unit 1.2 2.4 4.8 9.6 kbd c2 100 10% 47 10% 22 10% 12/10 10% nf f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
case outline dimensions motorola MC33591 technical data 27 case outline dimensions f r e e s c a l e s e m i c o n d u c t o r , i freescale semiconductor, inc. f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s p r o d u c t , g o t o : w w w . f r e e s c a l e . c o m n c . . .
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